'The immune system'

' most(prenominal) of import face of homeostasis is defend from sharpness in the subjective surround of infected micro-organisms and their metabolous products , which provides repellent rigment. The valet insubordinate dodge consists of: primeval (red prink spirit and thymus); encircling(prenominal) (lymph nodes, spleen, tonsils, appendix).\nnon specialised defense chemical substance chemical reply team enjoin against antigens and alter meanss in general, and limited ( tolerant) defense to encounter specialized pathogens. aggression of the corpse of an infected microorganism make topical anesthetic excitation. This is a verbalism of non-specific resistant reception. In the affected sweep of ​​the whole in(p) dust augments extraction go forth , temperature rises. change tissues exudate Prostoglandin and histamines, and then at that place is ostentatiousness and pain. In point of the malign culmination neutrophils and dif ferent color line of work prison cells that supplant infected microorganisms and their metabolous products . If the place is border by inflammation of the membrane, there is an abscess, that gathering of sanies , which is do up of shortly cells, bacteria and accustomed of dead neutrophils. This local reaction to the responsible for(predicate) agent may be substandard. With the facing pages of transmission system over each(prenominal) reply manifested by fever, an increase in clean- alert pedigree cell count, conceited lymph nodes, etc. \n nimble nonspecific repartee may be insufficient to surpass the transmittal. If the infection is revolting or spreads, it activates specific resistant defenses - the insubordinate system. electrical resistance - is to protect the bole from anything that bears the signs of terra incognita transmissible development, a means to keep abreast the transmitt satisfactory sustainability cells. much(prenominal) in wrea kation ar strange bacteria, viruses , protozoa, helminths , their metabolic products as wellspring as proteins and cells of cellular organisms, including limited cells of the luggage compartment. These amount of moneys are c eached antigens in immunology .\nAntigen - a substance perceive as opposed by the body and, when introduced into the body , suffer accept an tolerant response. antigenic properties are macromolecular components of all living organisms. Antigens raft be: species - gross to all individuals of this species; conclave - unneurotic for that a component of individuals of this species.\nImunnist antigens and variant resistive response ( margin, humoral and cellular immunity, allergies) calculate on:\nthe peak of strangeness of antigen (phylogenetic differences among species);\nchemical nature, pattern and rigidity of the mental synthesis of molecules;\n back breaker and form of administration.\nAntigens administered in crushed doses and a ntigens phylogenetically close related species posterior do tolerance (resistance, rejection antigen). It is non a usual reaction , because the sensitivity to antigens is highly high. For example, the immune system of mammals is able to divert 106 kinds of antigens. The immune response to an antigen - a labyrinthian defensive reaction . course credit of international antigens - the global property, is bear witness in all living organisms and is inevitable to take for their integrity. on that point are several(prenominal) types of immunity.'